{"id":18126,"date":"2020-12-07T13:08:10","date_gmt":"2020-12-07T13:08:10","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/aalberts-st.flywheelsites.com\/processes\/austempering\/"},"modified":"2026-02-23T20:10:21","modified_gmt":"2026-02-23T19:10:21","slug":"austempern","status":"publish","type":"process","link":"https:\/\/www.aalberts-st.com\/de\/verfahren\/austempern\/","title":{"rendered":"Austempern"},"content":{"rendered":"\t\t
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Austempern<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Aalberts surface technologies<\/span><\/a><\/span> > \u00dcber uns<\/span><\/a><\/span> > News<\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\twhat is austempering<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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what is austempering?<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Austempering is an isothermal process. Unlike other heat treatment processes, the transformation that takes place during austempering happens over many minutes or hours. This means the component transform uniformly to a new microstructure. This means less distortion and no cracking during quenching.<\/p>\n

Because austempering is an isothermal process, components will grow the same way every time. Lot-to-lot and part-to-part, your components will grow in a predictable manner when austempered. \u00a0Because of this, it is often possible to design the dimensional change into your component and let it grow to its final dimensions.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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austempering process<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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1. austenitizing<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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The parts are heated to 1550 \u00b0F (843 \u00b0C) and 1750 \u00b0F (954 \u00b0C) in a controlled atmosphere (so they don\u2019t oxidize or scale) but then are quenched in a bath of molten salt at 450 \u00b0F (232 \u00b0C) to 750 \u00b0F (399 \u00b0C). The quench temperature is above the martensite start temperature, and a preferred structure forms. In austempered ductile iron and austempered gray iron, the structure is ausferrite while bainite forms in steel.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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2. quenching \/ cooling<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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In conventional heat treatment, parts are heated to a temperature between 1550 \u00b0F and 1750 \u00b0F and then quenched in a bath of oil or water, typically near room temperature (possibly even as high as a few hundred degrees Fahrenheit). This produces a crystalline structure known as martensite, a hard and brittle phase.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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3. tempering<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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Following that process, parts are then tempered in another furnace at temperatures ranging from 350 \u00b0F (177 \u00b0C) to 1100 \u00b0F (593 \u00b0C) to reduce the „brittleness.“<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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benefits of austempering<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tHigher strength and toughness<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Austempered materials have greater strength and toughness due to the unique microstructure gained through the austempering process.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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The presence of graphite in cast iron allows for a higher damping capacity than in steel. \u00a0Austempering further refines the microstructural scale of the matrix and results in additional improvements in the damping capacity for austempered ductile iron and austempered gray iron.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tBetter wear resistance<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

The unique characteristics of an austempered material make it more wear resistant than many competitive materials. The high case hardness of Carbo-Austempered\u2122 steel gives it a tough wear surface. The embedded carbides and austempered microstructure of carbidic ADI make it a competitive wear material for ground engaging applications. Through high strength and toughness of ADI and austempered steel make them more suitable for higher wear applications.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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With 3 times the strength of aluminum and 2.3 times the stiffness, ADI can replace aluminum at a weight savings. Increasing the strength of a component by using the austempering process allows for the utilization of thinner sections, effectively reducing the overall weight of products.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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Enhancing the strength, durability, lightness, and wear resistance of a component can lead to a reduction in the required material for manufacturing. This, in turn, lowers the raw material costs associated that are needed for the component. Transitioning from expensive forging, welding, or fabricating processes to a more cost-effective casting operation can result in substantial savings in manufacturing expenses. It’s worth noting that irons and steels are considerably less costly materials compared to aluminum, magnesium, and other composite and plastic materials.<\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t

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suitable steels for austempering<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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austempered cuctile iron (ADI)<\/h3>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t
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ADI provides a high strength-to-weight material at a component price that is typically 20% less than that of steel.<\/p>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t

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\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/path><\/svg><\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tDetails on austempered ductile iron (ADI)\u200b<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t

Austempered ductile iron (ADI) is a specialty heat treated material that takes advantage of the near-net shape technology and low cost manufacturability of ductile iron castings to make a high strength, low cost, excellent abrasion-resistant material. Six grades of ADI are available to address property combinations of high strength, abrasion resistance and toughness for converting from costly forgings, weldments and assemblies.<\/p>\n

It may surprise you to know that in some applications, ADI has replaced aluminum for weight savings. ADI components are very competitive with steel forgings, castings, weldments, and aluminum forgings and castings.<\/p>\n

Furthermore, austempered ductile iron (ADI) has found successful applications across many industries, including construction and mining, agriculture, automotive, heavy truck, and railroad.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t

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